Has many complex proteins and so have a robust system for heat-shock protein assisted folding1/3/2024 Interestingly, apart from high expression under heat stress, high expression of TaSHSP was also observed during seed development. Extensive computational analysis was performed using the available genomic resources to understand gene structure, gene expression and phylogentic relationship of TaHSPs. The TaHSP genes showed random distribution on chromosomes, however, there were more TaHSPs in B and D sub-genomes as compared to the A sub-genome. Large number of tandem duplication was identified in TaHSPs, especially TaSHSPs. Compared with other grass species, number of HSPs in wheat was relatively high probably due to the higher ploidy level. Collectively, 753 TaHSPs including 169 TaSHSP, 273 TaHSP40, 95 TaHSP60, 114 TaHSP70, 18 TaHSP90 and 84 TaHSP100 were identified in the wheat genome. HSPs in wheat genome were first identified by using Position-Specific Scoring Matrix (PSSMs) of known HSP domains and then also confirmed by sequence homology with already known HSPs. In the present study, efforts were made to identify HSPs in wheat and to understand their role during plant development and under different stress conditions. Understanding of wheat HSPs has great importance since wheat is severely affected by heat stress, particularly during the grain filling stage. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have a significant role in protein folding and are considered as prominent candidates for development of heat-tolerant crops.
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